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substantiated

/s ə b ˈs t ă n sh ē ˌā t ĭ d, s ə b ˈs t ă n ch ē ˌā t ĭ d/

sub-stăn-tï-āt-ed, sub-stăn-tï-āt-ed

Rule 1

Any vowel may say one of the schwa sounds (/ə/) in an unstressed syllable.

Rule 2

Vowels usually say their short sound in a closed syllable.

Rule 3

I says /ē/ (Sound 3, Phonogram ï, e.g. radio).

Base Form

Past Tense

Past Participle

Present Participle

3rd Person Singular

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